This paper presents a token-based accounting scheme for
decentralized autonomous systems, such as peer-to-peer systems. The
scheme uses tokens as proof of resource or service usage. Conforming to
the peer-to-peer paradigm, the tokens are issued using a decentralized
mechanism. Within peer-to-peer systems the proposed accounting scheme
can be used to overcome information de¯cits. Thus, it constitutes
the basis for coordination and control mechanisms as well as for
pricing in commercial scenarios in fully decentralized systems. The
presented scheme is compared against an alterative approach showing the
advantage of the token-based scheme in terms of communication costs.
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